前不久，國(guo)家(jia)發展(zhan)改革委(wei)、科技部(bu)、財政(zheng)部(bu)等(deng)十(shi)部(bu)門共同發布(bu)了《關于推(tui)(tui)進污(wu)水(shui)資源化利用(yong)(yong)的指導意見》，對全(quan)面推(tui)(tui)進污(wu)水(shui)資源化利用(yong)(yong)進行(xing)了部(bu)署。作為資源型(xing)缺水(shui)城市，遼寧省(sheng)大連(lian)市發展(zhan)改革委(wei)立即行(xing)動，會同相關部(bu)門立足(zu)實際(ji)深(shen)入研究(jiu)，出臺(tai)了《大連(lian)市推(tui)(tui)進污(wu)水(shui)資源化利用(yong)(yong)行(xing)動計(ji)劃》(以下簡稱(cheng)《行(xing)動計(ji)劃》)，搶抓先機，在(zai)污(wu)水(shui)資源化利用(yong)(yong)上力爭走在(zai)全(quan)國(guo)前列。

　　搶(qiang)抓先機(ji)：到2025年全(quan)市再(zai)生水利用率達40%以上

　　“此次我們遵循(xun)了《大連(lian)市(shi)加(jia)快(kuai)推進再生水(shui)(shui)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)工作方案》《大連(lian)市(shi)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)再生水(shui)(shui)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)規劃(hua)(2020-2025)》確定的(de)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)方向、利用(yong)(yong)(yong)模(mo)式和(he)總(zong)體目標，對規劃(hua)和(he)方案中的(de)具體任務進行(xing)了擴展細化，提出了污水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)化利用(yong)(yong)(yong)重點(dian)工程，同時在注(zhu)重水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)基礎上，兼顧污水(shui)(shui)中其(qi)他資源(yuan)和(he)能源(yuan)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)。”大連(lian)市(shi)發展改革委副(fu)主任蘭良生介(jie)紹說。

　　據介(jie)紹，《行動(dong)計劃》不僅明(ming)確了加快(kuai)推(tui)動(dong)城鎮生活污水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)、積極推(tui)動(dong)工業(ye)廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)、穩妥推(tui)進(jin)農業(ye)農村(cun)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)3個重(zhong)點領域，分區分類指明(ming)了污水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)的(de)具(ju)體(ti)路徑，還提(ti)出了落實抓手，實施污水(shui)(shui)(shui)收集及資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)設(she)施建(jian)設(she)工程、區域再生水(shui)(shui)(shui)循環(huan)(huan)利(li)(li)用(yong)工程、工業(ye)廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)循環(huan)(huan)利(li)(li)用(yong)工程、農業(ye)農村(cun)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)以用(yong)促治工程和積極爭取國家試點示(shi)范等(deng)5項重(zhong)點工程，并在后續(xu)分年度(du)、分批次有序推(tui)進(jin)具(ju)體(ti)項目建(jian)設(she)。

　　為了保證這些任務(wu)落到實處，《行動計(ji)劃》還從完善制度體系、健全價格機(ji)制、拓寬融資(zi)渠道、強化(hua)科技支撐等(deng)4個方面(mian)，逐步建立健全污水資(zi)源化(hua)利用體制機(ji)制;從加強組織協調、強化(hua)監督管理、加大宣(xuan)傳(chuan)力度等(deng)3個方面(mian)，保障污水資(zi)源化(hua)利用工作落地(di)落細落實。

　　蘭良生(sheng)表示(shi)：“能(neng)夠在如此短的時間里出(chu)臺《行動計劃》，不僅顯示(shi)了大連對污水(shui)資源(yuan)利用的重視，更顯示(shi)了大連市人民的信心(xin)和決心(xin)。”

　　缺水城市：打破(po)水資(zi)源制約可持續發展瓶(ping)頸

　　事(shi)(shi)實(shi)上，大(da)連市(shi)的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)事(shi)(shi)業一(yi)直走在(zai)東(dong)北乃至全國前列。1986年(nian)，春柳河污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)廠作為東(dong)北地區第一(yi)座污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)廠正式投入運(yun)行。經過多年(nian)規劃布局，全市(shi)目前正常運(yun)行的(de)(de)城鎮污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)設(she)施共(gong)47座，設(she)計總(zong)處(chu)理(li)能力198.5萬(wan)噸/日(ri)，實(shi)際總(zong)處(chu)理(li)量150.9萬(wan)噸/日(ri)，出水(shui)全部(bu)達到一(yi)級A排放標準(zhun)。城鎮污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)設(she)施建設(she)已實(shi)現(xian)由(you)“規模增長”向“提質增效”轉(zhuan)變，由(you)“重(zhong)水(shui)輕泥”向“泥水(shui)并(bing)重(zhong)”轉(zhuan)變，由(you)“污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)”向“再生利用(yong)”轉(zhuan)變。

　　此次編制的《行動計劃》充分考慮了大(da)連(lian)城市的特(te)點以及(ji)污水處(chu)理的現狀，可(ke)以說是“對癥下藥”。

　　對此，蘭良生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)具體解釋說，在(zai)(zai)(zai)城鎮(zhen)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)，大連(lian)(lian)結合(he)各區(qu)域的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)境稟賦，因地(di)制宜提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了各地(di)區(qu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)主要發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)(fang)向;在(zai)(zai)(zai)農業(ye)農村污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)，結合(he)已出(chu)(chu)臺(tai)的《大連(lian)(lian)地(di)區(qu)村鎮(zhen)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)技(ji)術(shu)指(zhi)南(nan)(試行)》《大連(lian)(lian)地(di)區(qu)村鎮(zhen)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)新技(ji)術(shu)目錄》，選擇符(fu)合(he)地(di)區(qu)實(shi)際、低成(cheng)本的農村生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)治理(li)技(ji)術(shu)和(he)模式，推(tui)動(dong)農村生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)就近就地(di)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，并創(chuang)新性地(di)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)開展(zhan)(zhan)海(hai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)養殖尾水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)循環(huan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)相關內容(rong);在(zai)(zai)(zai)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不只是水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，還包(bao)括從(cong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中提(ti)取其他(ta)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)式，結合(he)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥沼液(ye)(ye)氮(dan)磷含量(liang)較高的特點(dian)，提(ti)出(chu)(chu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)夏家(jia)河子(zi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥處理(li)廠(chang)探索開展(zhan)(zhan)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥沼液(ye)(ye)制肥;在(zai)(zai)(zai)試點(dian)示(shi)范(fan)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)，大連(lian)(lian)將(jiang)(jiang)謀劃國家(jia)高新區(qu)工(gong)業(ye)廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)近零排(pai)放科技(ji)創(chuang)新試點(dian)，提(ti)出(chu)(chu)支持(chi)高新園區(qu)率(lv)先示(shi)范(fan)，開展(zhan)(zhan)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)綜合(he)集成(cheng)與示(shi)范(fan)，提(ti)前啟動(dong)爭(zheng)取國家(jia)試點(dian)前期(qi)準備工(gong)作;同時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)強化(hua)科技(ji)支撐方(fang)(fang)面(mian)，提(ti)出(chu)(chu)將(jiang)(jiang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)關鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)攻關納(na)入(ru)大連(lian)(lian)市科技(ji)項目申報指(zhi)南(nan)，引導科研院所、高等院校、污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)企業(ye)等組建(jian)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)創(chuang)新戰略聯(lian)盟。

　　完備(bei)政策：全(quan)面推(tui)進全(quan)市(shi)污水資源化利用

　　污水(shui)(shui)再利(li)用，讓缺(que)水(shui)(shui)城市(shi)有了“第二水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)”。有專家估計(ji)，污水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)化(hua)將催(cui)生一個萬億元級(ji)的新產業，產業鏈的上游(you)(you)涉及(ji)污水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)利(li)用科研、規(gui)劃(hua)設(she)計(ji)等(deng)，中游(you)(you)涉及(ji)污水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)利(li)用產品的設(she)備制(zhi)造、工程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)，下游(you)(you)涉及(ji)污水(shui)(shui)設(she)施的服務(wu)外包、委(wei)托運營等(deng)。同時，污水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)化(hua)具有鮮明的公益性特征(zheng)，國家一方面要(yao)在融資、財(cai)政補貼等(deng)方面予以扶持，另一方面要(yao)建(jian)立合理(li)(li)的水(shui)(shui)價機制(zhi)。

　　大連市(shi)(shi)相關(guan)領導表示：“作為大連市(shi)(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源化(hua)利用(yong)工(gong)(gong)作的統籌(chou)部門，我們一定要充分發揮組(zu)織(zhi)協調職能，充分調動水(shui)(shui)(shui)務、住(zhu)建、城(cheng)管(guan)等再生水(shui)(shui)(shui)利用(yong)行(xing)業主(zhu)管(guan)部門的積(ji)極性，發揮優(you)勢(shi)(shi)，順勢(shi)(shi)而為，做好《行(xing)動計劃(hua)》的貫徹落(luo)實(shi)工(gong)(gong)作，指導各地(di)計劃(hua)落(luo)實(shi)情(qing)況(kuang)，形成強(qiang)大的工(gong)(gong)作合力，在污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源化(hua)方(fang)面率先(xian)探索、發力。結(jie)合污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源化(hua)的市(shi)(shi)場前景(jing)，在‘十(shi)四五(wu)’期間抓住(zhu)機(ji)遇，做好市(shi)(shi)場布(bu)局，推動大連市(shi)(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源化(hua)利用(yong)，為城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的高質量發展(zhan)貢獻力量。”

來源：中國經濟導報